Anotusi
O lehydroxides iʻuga mai le tuʻufaʻatasia o a uʻamea oxide (e taʻua foi o oxides faavae) ma vai. I lenei auala, o le tuʻufaʻatasiga o hydroxides e avatua e tolu elemeni: okesene, hydrogen ma le uʻamea o loʻo fesiligia. I le tuʻufaʻatasiga, o le uamea e galue i taimi uma e pei faʻaupuga ma le elemene vaega hydroxide galue o se anion.
Hydroxides i se tulaga lautele faʻasoa atu le tele o uiga, pei o le i ai o se oona tofo pei o fasimoli, le maseesee i le paʻi, avea pala, o iai ni vailaʻau ma fasimoli meatotino, faʻamamaina suauʻu ma sulfur, ma tali atu ma acid e gaosia ai masima.
I leisi itu, o nisi uiga e faʻapitoa i ituaiga taʻitasi o le hydroxide, pei o le sodium, lea e vave ona mitiia le karaponi taiokisone ma le vai; o le calcium o loʻo maua i le tali atu o le calcium oxide ma le vai; poʻo le uʻamea (II) e masani ona le mafai ona faʻasalalauina i le vai.
O a mea e faʻaaoga ai latou?
O le faʻaogaina o hydroxides e eseese foʻi i le va o mataupu eseese:
- O le sodium hydroxide, mo se faʻataʻitaʻiga, e fesoʻotaʻi ma le alamanuia o fasimoli ma le lalelei ma le tino tausia oloa.
- O le kalisiu hydroxideMo lana vaega, o loʻo i ai le vaega faʻatatau i nisi faʻagaioiga pei o le mauaina o le sodium carbonate.
- O le lithium hydroxide O loʻo faʻaaogaina i le gaosiga o keramika, a o le magnesium e faʻaaogaina o se antacid poʻo le laxative.
- O le uamea hydroxide O loʻo faʻaaogaina i le faʻagalueina o laʻau toto.
Igoa tau igoa
Ae mo le tele o tuʻufaʻatasiga o vailaʻau, e i ai igoa eseese mo hydroxides:
- O le Nomenclature masani, mo se faʻataʻitaʻiga, o le tasi e amata i le upu hydroxide mulimuli i le elemeni ae o le amanaʻia le valence lea e galue ai: a oʻo ma le tasi valence o le iʻuga 'ico' o le a faʻaaogaina, pe a latou faʻatasi ma le lua o le a avea oe ma le maualuga valence faaiu 'oso' ma le tasi ma sina laʻititi faaiuina ma le 'ico', ma pe a faʻagaioia ma le tolu pe fa valavala, o le amataga 'hiccup' poʻo le 'per' o le a faʻaopopoina foi i ai le mataupu ono avea
- O le Faʻailoga igoa o le tasi e faʻaaoga le upu hydroxide, ae le o le faʻauʻuina i se upu e tasi, na te faʻaaogaina le faʻaupuga 'o le' ona sosoo ai lea ma le uamea, tuʻu valavala i puipui.
- O le nomaticlature faatulagaina o le tasi e faʻauu i luma numera numera i le upu hydroxide.
Faʻataʻitaʻiga o hydroxides
- Taʻitaʻi (II) hydroxide, Pb (OH)2, taitai dihydroxide.
- Platinum (IV) hydroxide, Pt (OH)4, platinum quadhydroxide.
- Vanadic hydroxide, V (OH)4, vanadium tetrahydroxide.
- Ferrous hydroxide, Fe (OH)2, uʻamea dihydroxide.
- Taʻitaʻi (IV) hydroxide, Pb (OH) 4, taʻimua tetrahydroxide.
- Silver hydroxide, AgOH, siliva hydroxide.
- Cobalt Hydroxide, Co (OH)2, cobalt dihydroxide.
- Manganese hydroxide, Mn (OH)3, manganese trihydroxide.
- Ferric hydroxide, Fe (OH)3, uʻamea trihydroxide.
- Cupric hydroxide, Cu (OH)2, apamemea dihydroxide.
- Alumini hydroxide, Al (OH)3, alumini trihydroxide.
- Sodium hydroxide, NaOH, sodium hydroxide.
- Strontium hydroxide, Sr (OH)2, strontium dihydroxide.
- Magnesium hydroxide, Mg (OH)2, magnesium dihydroxide.
- Ammonium hydroxide, NH4OH, amonium hydroxide.
- Cadmium hydroxide, Cd (OH)2, cadmium dihydroxide.
- Vanadic hydroxide, V (OH)3, vanadium trihydroxide.
- Mercuric hydroxide, Hg (OH)2, mercury dihydroxide.
- Cuprous hydroxide, CuOH, apamemea hydroxide.
- Lithium hydroxide, LiOH, lithium hydroxide.
O nisi taimi, o hydroxides e masani ona faʻaigoaina e le latou faʻaogaina masani, pei o le sodium hydroxide lea e taʻua foi o le caustic soda, potassium hydroxide lea e taʻua o le caustic potash, calcium hydroxide lea e taʻua o le lime water poʻo le lime quenched, ma le magnesium e taʻua o le milk of magnesia
- Mulimuli ma: Faʻataʻitaʻiga o hydroxides (faʻamatalaina)
