O le alknies pe acetylenic hydrocarbons o hydrocarbons faʻailoaina e le i ai o le carbon-carbon triple fusi. E le tali atu ni vailaʻau e le faʻasolosolo i fua faatatau o le molemole CnH2n-2. E i ai le tikeri o le faʻatuina sili atu maualuga atu nai lo alkenes.
Faatasi ai ma le vailaʻau meatotino o alknies faʻamamafaina le mea moni o loʻo latou maualalo faʻaputuga polarity, o lea le mafai ona sosolo i le vai, ae fai sina soluble i solvents masani o meaola pei o le ether, benzene, poʻo le carbon tetrachloride.
O lepupuna ma liusuavai manatu o alkynes e tali tutusa ma ia o alkanes poʻo alkenes o tutusa tutusa numera carbon. I leisi itu, o le aʻafiaga o nei tino, o loʻo i ai le aofaʻi o karaponi ma le iai o lala i le filifili (e suia i le itu e tasi), e sili atu ona maitauina.
O le alkyne sili ona faigofie o acetylene, latou te mulimuli i le propylene (poʻo le pito) ma le butino, lea e mafai ona avea ma 1-butyne (tolu fusi i le faaiuga o le mole) poʻo le 2-butyne (tolu fusi i le ogatotonu o le molemole). Nei e tolu o kasa; i latou e sili ona maualuga le aofaʻi o carbon carbon o suavai pe mautu.
Tutusa i alkenes, o le tolu fusi faʻailoga e faʻamatalaina alkynes tuʻuina atu ia i latou sili atu reactivity vailaʻau nei vailaʻau ma avea ai latou matua matala e maua faʻaopopo faʻaopopo (hydrogen, halogens, vai, ma isi) ma isi. Ae ui i lea, o faʻamau e tolu e tuʻufaʻatasia le tasi carbon atom ma le isi e le tutusa: o le tasi o ia (e taʻua o le sigma bond) e malosi ma e avea ma autu e gafa ma le iuni. O le faʻaiuga e mafai ona tupu e faʻalua faʻamau pe naʻo faʻatasi noataga.
E faʻaigoa tuʻufaʻatasiga o loʻo iai le fusi tolu i le tasi itu o le filifili alknies tuʻufaʻatasia; nei tuufaatasiga ua iloga mai i lo latou maitauina acidity. O le mea moni, o vailaʻau faʻasolo o le sili ona acidic faigofie hydrocarbons. O le umi i le va o carbon carbon i le fusi o le 1.20 amstrongs (e oʻo atu i le pogisa o alkenes Nofofua, lua ma tolu tolu carbon-carbon fusi mafai mafai ona nonofo faʻatasi i le tutusa molemole. A tupu lenei mea, o le hydrocarbon e faʻaigoaina o le alkyne ma o le tulaga o le faʻalua faʻailoga e faʻaalia i le faʻaiuga "ene", faʻaofi i le mea e talafeagai ai
O loʻo lisi atu i lalo faʻataʻitaʻiga o vailaʻau.
- ethyne (acetylene)
- tumutumu
- 2- pentine
- 2-butyne
- 1-butyne
- Oketopa 3
- 2-nonino
- Methyl acetylene
- Ethyl acetylene
- 1-ene-4-hexyne
- Propyl acetylene
- Terbutyl acetylene
- 6,6-diethyl-4-noniino
- 5,6-dimethyl-3-heptin
- 3,3-diethyl-3,5-nonadiino
- cyclobutine
- 3-ethyl -5-ethynylhepta-1,6-diino
- 5-methyl-2-hexyne
- 3,5,7-decatriino
- 6-methyl-2,4-heptadiino
