Anotusi
O le alkenes o ni vaega o loʻo i ai carbon-carbon faʻalua faʻamau, tali atu i le molemole fua InH2n; O vailaʻau le aoga e taua foi o olefins ma tutusa ma le kulupu hydrocarbons unsaturated aliphatics, taua i le gaosiaina o le suauʻu.
E i ai filifili puʻupuʻu, feololo pe umi; e iai foʻi faʻasologa cyclic poʻo cycloalkenes ma e iai foʻi alkenes i totonu ole tuʻufaʻatasiga o meaola.
O lealkenes, mauaina le carbon-carbon lua faʻamau, ia itiiti hydrogens nai lo alkana ma tutusa numera o carbon carbon. O le tulaga o le faʻamau faʻalua ua faʻaalia i le tuʻuina i luma o le faʻaupuga "-eno"O le nauna Latina o loʻo faʻailoa mai ai le numera o le kaponi na amata ai le faʻamau faʻalua (tetra, penta, octa, ma isi); substituents (masani chlorine, bromine, ethyl, methyl, ma isi) e igoa o nauna (i le amataga o le igoa), auiliili ma i le faʻasologa tatau.
Faʻaaliga: Ona o le faigata o le igoa vailaʻau faʻavaeina e tusa ma le IUPAC faʻavae mafai ona avea, o le tele o natura faʻalauteleina alkene igoa mananaia, masani lava e fesoʻotaʻi ma o latou natura faʻavae.
O le alkenes oo atu i le fa karaponi o kasa i le vevela o le potu, o i latou e 4 i le 18 karaponi o suavai ma le uumi o mautu. Latou te solubilized i solika solvents pei o le ether poʻo le ava malosi, ma e sili atu mafiafia nai lo le tutusa alkana, e ui lava latou i ai le maualalo faʻaliliuga tulaga ma pupuna vaega. Ona o le vevesi na mafua mai i le faʻamau faʻalua, o le mamao i le va o carbon carbon o le 1.34 angstroms i le alkene, ma le 1.50 angstroms i le tutusa alkana.
Latou tuʻuina mai a sili atu maualuga reactivity nai lo alkanes, tonu lava ona o loʻo iai faʻamau faʻalua ia, e mafai ona gagau ma faʻatagaina le faʻaopopoga o isi atoma, masani hydrogen poʻo halogens. E mafai foi ona latou mauaina le poto masani faʻamamaina ma faʻamamaina. Alkenes masani ona i ai cis-trans isomerism poʻo le stereoisomerism, talu ai o le carbon atoms fesoʻotaʻi e le faʻamau faʻalua e le mafai ona faʻavasega ma o lenei faatupuina eseese vaalele. Alkenes ma lua faʻalua faʻamau e taʻua o dienes, ma i latou e sili atu i le lua faʻalua faʻamau e masani ona taʻua o polyenes.
I le lalolagi laau alkenes e tele naua ma i ai taua tele physiological matafaioi, pei o le faʻatulafonoina o le fualaʻau fualaʻau faiga poʻo le filtration o nisi la susulu. O le vailaʻau faʻavae o meaola alkenes e masani lava ona faigata ma aofia ai carbon filifili ma mama. Nisi fualaʻau e pei o kāloti poʻo tamato, ma nisi crustacean pei o paa, maua tele aofaʻiga o beta carotene, o se taua vailaʻau o le muamua o vitamini A.
Faʻataʻitaʻiga o alkenes
| Ethylene poʻo le ethene | 2-methyl propene |
| Cholesterol | 5,6-dimethyl-3-propyl-heptene |
| Butadiene | cycloocta-1,3,5,7-tetraene |
| Lycopene | tetrafluoroethylene |
| Geraniol | 5-bromo-3-methyl-3-hexene |
| Limonene | Rhodopsin |
| Mycenae | Propene poʻo propylene |
| Butene | 7,7,8-trimethyl-3,5-nonadiene |
| Lanosterol | 3,3 diethyl-1,4-hexadiene |
| Tolauapiga | Mentofuran |
E mafai ona tautuaina oe:
- Faʻataʻitaʻiga o Alkanes
- Faʻataʻitaʻiga o Hydrocarbons
- Faʻataʻitaʻiga o Alkynes
